MORPHOFUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF NERVOUS TISSUE AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE IN THE FUNCTIONING OF THE ORGANISM
Keywords:
nervous tissue, neuron, neuroglia, dendrite, axon, myelin sheath, synapse, nerve impulse, morphofunctional characteristics.Abstract
This article discusses the morphofunctional characteristics of nervous tissue and the structure and functions of its main components—neurons and neuroglial cells. It analyses the roles of the neuronal cell body, dendrites, axon, myelin sheath, and synapses in receiving, processing, and transmitting nerve impulses. It also summarises the supportive, protective, trophic, and insulating functions of neuroglia in the central and peripheral nervous systems, as well as the importance of nervous tissue in coordinating the functioning of the organism.
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